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This module has been developed to give students a good theoretical and practical knowledge of Perfusion, Angiography, Diffusion, Quantitative MR, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Accelerated MRI for use in clinical Neuroimaging.

At the end of this module, students will be able to…

1. Perfusion and Angiography (P3PA)
1.01:ÌýÌý ÌýDefine Perfusion and discuss its usefulness in NeuroimagingÌý
1.02:ÌýÌý ÌýDemonstrate familiarity with different haemodynamic parameters such a relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF), mean transit time and summary parameters. Ìý
1.03:ÌýÌý ÌýExplain Time of Flight effects, how Phase Contrast MRA works and the benefits of Contrast Enhanced MRA
1.04:ÌýÌý ÌýExplain the concepts of bolus tracking and arterial spin labeling MRI for measuring cerebral perfusion
1.05:ÌýÌý ÌýDescribe the biophysical models used to enable CBF quantification from bolus tracking and arterial spin labeling MRI images

2. Diffusion & Structural Connectivity (P3DSC)
2.01:ÌýÌý ÌýDescribe isotropic and anisotropic diffusion in the brain with reference to apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and fractional anisotropy (FA).Ìý
2.02:ÌýÌý ÌýExplain the b value and how the appearance of grey and white matter and pathological processes are influenced by the choice of b value.
2.03:ÌýÌý ÌýDescribe and explain common artefacts on diffusion weighted images such as T2-shine through and T2-masking effects.Ìý
2.04:ÌýÌý ÌýOutline the principles of diffusion tensor imaging and tractography.

3. Quantitative MR Methods (P3QMR)
3.01:ÌýÌý ÌýDescribe the theory of Magnetisation Transfer (MT) imaging and MRI relaxometry.Ìý
3.02:ÌýÌý ÌýList and describe relevant pulse sequences and analysis strategies.Ìý
3.03:ÌýÌý ÌýList the technical challenges, likely benefits and safety concerns for high field MRI.

4. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (P3MRS)
4.01:ÌýÌý ÌýOutline the origins of the NMR spectrum, methods of spatial localization and quantitative spectrum analysis strategies.
4.02:ÌýÌý ÌýOutline methods of spatial localization and quantitative spectrum analysis strategies.Ìý
4.03:ÌýÌý ÌýDescribe the main characteristics of spectra from the proton and other NMR visible species and the changes caused by disease.

5. Accelerated MRI (P3AMRI)
5.01:ÌýÌý ÌýExplain the process of Accelerated MRI and list its benefits and disadvantages.